IBM Notes, formerly Lotus Notes, is an enterprise email client that integrates messaging, business applications and social collaboration. Get Concert Insights On the Go. The Symphonys free Program Note Podcast Series highlights a great work being performed each week by the orchestra. National Symphony Orchestra. A premier U. S. orchestra, the NSO performs approximately 150 concerts each year of classical and popular music, new works, and special. Program music or programme music is a type of art music that attempts to musically render an extramusical narrative. The narrative itself might be offered to the. Program music Wikipedia. Program music or programme music is a type of art music that attempts to musically render an extra musical narrative. The narrative itself might be offered to the audience in the form of program notes, inviting imaginative correlations with the music. A classic example is Hector Berliozs Symphonie fantastique, which relates a drug induced series of morbid fantasies concerning the unrequited love of a sensitive poet involving murder, execution, and the torments of Hell. The genre culminates in the symphonic works of Richard Strauss that include narrations of the adventures of Don Quixote, Till. Eulenspiegel, the composers domestic life, and an interpretation of Nietzsches philosophy of the Superman. Following Strauss, the genre declined and new works with explicitly narrative content are rare. Simple Symphony Program Notes' title='Simple Symphony Program Notes' />Nevertheless the genre continues to exert an influence on film music, especially where this draws upon the techniques of late romantic music. The term is almost exclusively applied to works in the European classical music tradition, particularly those from the Romantic music period of the 1. The term is usually reserved for purely instrumental works pieces without singers and lyrics, and not used, for example for Opera or Lieder. Single movement orchestral pieces of program music are often called symphonic poems. Absolute music, in contrast, is intended to be appreciated without any particular reference to the outside world. Renaissance periodeditComposers of the Renaissance wrote a fair amount of program music, especially for the harpsichord, including works such as Martin Peersons The Fall of the Leafe and William Byrds The Battell. For the latter work, the composer provided this written description of the sections Souldiers sommons, marche of footemen, marche of horsmen, trumpetts, Irishe marche, bagpipe and the drone, flute and the droome, marche to the fighte, the battels be joyned, retreat, galliarde for the victorie. A good example of this is Marin Maraiss Le tableau de lOperation de la Taille, which describes bladder stone surgery. Baroque and Classical eraseditIn the Baroque era, Vivaldis The Four Seasons has poetic inscriptions in the score referring to each of the seasons, evoking spring, summer, autumn, and winter. While many cantatas by J. S. Bach contain programmatic elements, an example of outright program music is his Capriccio on the departure of a beloved brother, BWV 9. Program music was perhaps less often composed in the Classical era. At that time, perhaps more than any other, music achieved drama from its own internal resources, notably in works written in sonata form. It is thought, however, that a number of Joseph Haydns earlier symphonies may be program music for example, the composer once said that one of his earlier symphonies represents a dialogue between God and the Sinner. It is not known which of his symphonies Haydn was referring to. His Symphony No. 8 also includes a movement named La Tempestura that represents a storm. A minor Classical era composer, Karl Ditters von Dittersdorf, wrote a series of symphonies based on Ovids Metamorphoses not to be confused with Twentieth Century composer Benjamin Brittens Six Metamorphoses after Ovid. Romantic periodeditProgram music particularly flourished in the Romantic era. As it can invoke in the listener a specific experience other than sitting in front of a musician or musicians, it is related to the purely Romantic idea of the Gesamtkunstwerk describing Wagners Operas as a fusion of many arts set design, choreography, poetry and so on, although it relies solely on musical aspects to illustrate a multi faceted artistic concept such as a poem or a painting. Composers believed that the dynamics of sound that were newly possible in the Romantic orchestra of the era allowed them to focus on emotions and other intangible aspects of life much more than during the Baroque or Classical eras. Ludwig van Beethoven felt a certain reluctance in writing program music, and said of his 1. Symphony No. 6 Pastoral that the whole work can be perceived without description it is more an expression of feelings rather than tone painting. Yet the work clearly contains depictions of bird calls, a bubbling brook, a storm, and so on. Beethoven later returned to program music with his Piano Sonata Op. Les Adieux, which depicts the departure and return of his close friend the Archduke Rudolph. Hector Berliozs Symphonie fantastique was a musical narration of a hyperbolically emotional love story, the main subject being an actress with whom he was in love at the time. Bard College offers a rigorous undergraduate curriculum in the liberal arts and sciences from its historic 1,000acre campus in the Hudson Valley of New York State. The Symphony No. 4, in A major, Op. Italian, is an orchestral symphony written by German composer Felix Mendelssohn. The work has its. A Family Holiday Tradition Symphony Silicon Valley Chorale, along with members of Symphony Silicon Valley, present the 13th Annual Carols in the California under the. Washington, D. C. The National Symphony Orchestra, the Washington National Opera, and the Washington Ballet are all inside. Franz Liszt did provide explicit programs for many of his piano pieces but he is also the inventor of the term symphonic poem. In 1. 87. 4, Modest Mussorgsky composed for piano a series of pieces describing seeing a gallery of ten of his friends paintings and drawings in his Pictures at an Exhibition, later orchestrated by many composers including Maurice Ravel. The French composer Camille Saint Sans wrote many short pieces of program music which he called Tone Poems. His most famous are probably the Danse Macabre and several movements from the Carnival of the Animals. The composer Paul Dukas is perhaps best known for his tone poem The Sorcerers Apprentice, based on a tale from Goethe. Possibly the most adept at musical depiction in his program music was Richard Strauss, a German composer whose symphonic poems include Death and Transfiguration portraying a dying man and his entry into heaven, Don Juan based on the ancient legend of Don Juan, Till Eulenspiegels Merry Pranks based on episodes in the career of the legendary German figure Till Eulenspiegel, Don Quixote portraying episodes in the life of Miguel de Cervantes character, Don Quixote, A Heros Life which depicts episodes in the life of an unnamed hero often taken to be Strauss himself and Symphonia Domestica which portrays episodes in the composers own married life, including putting the baby to bed. Strauss is reported to have said that music can describe anything, even a teaspoon. Another composer of programmatic music is Nikolai Rimsky Korsakov, whose colorful musical pictures include Sadko, Op. Russian Bylina, about the minstrel who sings to the Tsar of the Sea, the very famous Scheherazade, Op. Arabian Nights entertainments where the heroine is depicted by a violin and whose stories include Sinbad the Sailor and any number of orchestral suites from his operas, including The Tale of Tsar Saltan which also contains Flight of the Bumblebee, The Golden Cockerel, Christmas Eve, The Snow Maiden, and The Legend of The Invisible City of Kitezh. In Scandinavia, Sibelius explored the Kalevala legend in several tone poems, most famously in The Swan of Tuonela. One of the most famous programs, because it has never been definitively identified, is the secret non musical idea or theme the Enigma which underlies Edward Elgars Variations on an Original Theme Enigma of 1. The composer disclosed it to certain friends, but at his request they never made it public. Twentieth centuryeditIn the twentieth century, Alban Bergs Lyric Suite was thought for years to be abstract music, but in 1. Hanna Fuchs Robettin. Important leitmotifs are based on the melodic series ABHF, which is their combined initials. The last movement also contains a setting of a poem by Charles Baudelaire, suppressed by the composer for publication 1. Washington, D. C. Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Washington, D. C. Federal district. District of Columbia. Motto Justitia Omnibus  Justice for AllLocation of Washington, D. C., in the United States and in relation to the states of Maryland and Virginia. Country. United States. Federal district. District of Columbia. Approved. July 1. Organized. 18. 01. Consolidated. 18. Granted limited self government. Named for. George Washington. Government  Mayor. Muriel Bowser D  D. C. Council. Kwame R. Brown D, Chair. Area  Federal district. Land. 61. 4 sq mi 1. Water. 6. 9 sq mi 1. Elevation. 04. 09 ft 01. Population 2. 01. Federal district. U. S.   Density. Metro. U. S.   Demonym. Washingtonian. Time zone. EST UTC 5  Summer DSTEDT UTC 4ZIP codes2. Area codes2. 02. Websitewww. Washington, D. C. United States. It is not a state or in a state. The President of the United States and many major national government offices are in the city. Thus, it is the political center of the United States. Washington was named after the first U. S. President, George Washington. The D. C. stands for District of Columbia, a special area created that is not a state. At first, it was made up of a piece from Virginia south of the Potomac River and a piece from Maryland north of the Potomac River. In 1. 84. 7, Virginias piece was returned to it, and is now Arlington County and part of the city of Alexandria. Deer Hunter Tournament Crack Keygen here. Since 1. 84. 7, all of Washington D. C. is on the north side of the Potomac River. Washington, D. C. D. C. These include Georgetown, D. C. and Alexandria, D. C. Since 1. 80. 0, Washington D. C. is the home of all three branches of the U. S. government Congress, the President, and the Supreme Court. All of the major political parties are based here. It is also the home of the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund IMF, and the Organization of American States OAS. Because it is the home of the President and is important to American politics, many groups hold large demonstrations and protests. These are often on the National Mall, a large open park that has many monuments and museums. Washington D. C. s many museums and monuments make it a popular place for tourists to visit. Washington D. C. is called many things by many different people. It can be called just the D. C., the District of Columbia or sometimes Washington. This can be confusing because there is also a U. S. state called Washington. To help with the confusion, sometimes the state of Washington is called Washington State. In 2. 00. 5, the United States Census Bureau said that about 5. District of Columbia. When English people first came to the area, there was a Native American village on the spot called Nakochtank. This name survives in the name of the Anacostia River. This river was known for the healing properties of its pure water, and it is recorded that the Emperor Powhatan, who lived in what is now Richmond, Virginia, made the trip all the way to Nakochtank once for this reason. Today this river is one of the most polluted in the world. The 1. 78. 9 United States Constitution said that a capital city would be created in a district, but did not say where it should be. James Madison and others thought it should be far away from other states and cities. This way, it would be independent and not controlled by any state. In 1. 79. 0, a compromise was reached and capital was placed between Virginia and Maryland. It was a square, ten miles 1. Potomac River, which separated the two states. Half of the district was in Maryland and the other half was in Virginia, and the two states gave this land to the government. In 1. 79. 1, it was named Washington, the District of Columbia to honor George Washington. Columbia was another name for North America. LEnfants plan for Washington, D. C., as revised by Andrew Ellicott 1. Washington, D. C. Pierre LEnfant drew a plan for the city that said where all the streets, parks, and important buildings would be. Unlike most U. S. D. C. has many roundabouts or traffic circles. The city was supposed to have long and wide avenues, and many open spaces for monuments and parks. The National Mall is an example of this. Washington, D. C. Its citizens have less control over their city than most Americans. While D. C. has had an electedmayor and a city council since 1. U. S. Congress controls the local government and can overturn or get rid of any local laws. Congress and the people of D. C. often do not agree on what is best. The current mayor of Washington, D. C. is Muriel Bowser, a Democrat. The license plates on the cars in Washington D. C. say Taxation Without Representation. This is a protest from people who live in Washington, D. C. about having to pay taxes to the United States without having a vote in the United States House of Representatives. It resembles the protest made by colonists before the American Revolution about having to pay taxes to England. Some people are against letting Washington, D. C. have a Congressman or Congresswoman because the Constitution only allows states to have Congressman or Congresswomen. Other people are against it because Washington, D. C. government is almost completely Democratic Party controlled. Washington, D. C. The National Symphony Orchestra, the Washington National Opera, and the Washington Ballet are all inside the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. The Kennedy Center Honors are given every year to the people who have greatly helped the cultural life of the United States. The President and First Lady usually go to the Honors ceremony. Washington D. C., as the national capital of the United States, has numerous media outlets in various mediums. Some of these media are known throughout the United States, including the newspaper The Washington Post and various broadcasting networks headquartered in D. C. The Washington Post is the oldest and most read daily newspaper in Washington, and it has developed into one of the most reputable daily newspapers in the U. S. It is most notable for exposing the Watergate scandal, among other achievements. The Washington Post Company has multiple media holdings, including a daily free newspaper called the Express, the Washington Post News Service with Bloomberg News, Fashion Washington,El Tiempo Latino a Spanish language publication, The Slate Group, The Daily Herald in Washington state, as well as the education company Kaplan, Inc. The Washington Post emphasizes national and political news coverage but also covers regional and local stories. Headquartered in downtown Washington, the newspaper employs journalists at 1. Maryland and Virginia and 1. Content is shared across titles within the Washington Post Company, and the Express, in particular, often reprints content from the Associated Press, Getty Images, and other wire sources. The daily Washington Times and the free weekly Washington City Paper also have substantial readership in the District. On February 1, 2. Washington Examiner debuted, having been formed from a chain of suburban newspapers known as the Journal Newspapers. The weekly Washington Blade and Metro Weekly focus on gay issues, and the Washington Sun, the Washington Informer, and also Washington Afro on African American issues. Bi weekly Street Sense focuses on issues of homelessness poverty, and life on the streets. Other special interest papers include Roll Call, a daily paper focused on politics. Many neighborhoods in the District have their own community newspapers.